GW method
A method for calculating quasiparticle energies of many-electron systems using perturbation theory. The self energy of the many-electron system is approximated by the single-particle Green’s function G and screened coulomb interaction W. This makes possible much more quantitative calculations of quantities such as photoemission spectra compared to the Kohn-Sham method with semilocal functional approximations. Nowadays, the accuracy is, in many cases, comparable to experiment. The GW approximation is usually coded as a perturbation on Kohn-Sham wave functions.